Pacing refers to depolarization of the atria or ventricles, resulting from an impulse (typically 0.5 msec and 2 to 5 volts) delivered from the generator down a lead to the heart. It turns out that EKGs frequently identify problems that don’t really exist, results known as “false positives.” Clinical studies have shown that EKGs actually indicate far more false positives than “false negatives” (where the test fails to identify a real problem). Patients who are dependent on pacing may require a temporary pacemaker or asynchronous pacing if there is just an acute increase in the threshold until lead repositioning. The typical treatment in this case is repositioning of the lead in the postoperative period. How do you fix a failure to sense a pacemaker? A stimulus delivered during the refractory period should not result in activation because the myocardium is refractory.įailure to capture can result from several causes, including battery depletion, circuit failure, lead dislodgement or maturation, elevated capture thresholds due to progressive cardiac disease, metabolic abnormalities and or drugs. Failure to pace (FTP), which means that the pacemaker does not stimulate as expected.įunctional failure to capture occurs when a stimulus is delivered during the myocardial refractory period. How do you fix failure to sense in a pacemaker? What would indicate possible pacemaker failure on ECG?Ĭonventional surface ECG can reveal the following types of pacemaker dysfunction: Failure to capture (FTC), which means that the pacemaker stimulations do not result in myocardial activation. If the distances are too short, too long, or irregular, it can be a sign of a problem. The distance between these spikes shows your heart rate. The spikes should appear in regular clusters, each of represents one whole heartbeat. The results are shown in the form of a graph that looks like a spiky line. Remove items in the room that might be causing electromechanical interference. If the pacemaker is undersensing (it fires at the wrong times or for the wrong reasons), turn up the sensitivity control.On the surface ECG, pacing spikes are present, but they are not followed by a QRS complex in the event of ventricular noncapture or by the lack of P waves in the event of atrial noncapture (Fig. Causes include oversensing, pacing lead problems (dislodgement or fracture), battery or component failure, and electromagnetic interference.Ĭapture failure occurs when the generated pacing stimulus does not initiate myocardial depolarization. On the ECG, there are no visible pacing spikes where they should have occurred. Failure to pace occurs when the pacemaker does not fire when pacing should occur.
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